Combined keyboard and chart



.Jun 129 1926.

C. BALSTO N i COMBlE-fz-? KEYBOARD AND CHART "origina Filed OGL 17.1924 Sehens-sheet 1 'June 29,1926. Y 1,590,998'

' C. C.`BALSTQN COMBINED KEYBORDAND CHART Original Filed Oct 17. 1 924 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 M Q' @uw f fr; mm

@une 29,1926.- `1,590,99is1 C. C. BALSTON COMBINED KEYBOARD 'AND CHART v Original Fil-ed 00V 17' 1924 9 vSheets-Sheet 5 www wl W m m A www@ E 63m@ June 29 1926.

C. C. BALSTON COMBINED KEYBOARD AND CHART original Filed Oct. 17. 1924 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 x um f .wwwmvmw E) M1 ,w /@@w@ 4 W HHHU L?. my A .M QE@ n .m d/HHHHU .N1 .M

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- v '4J j INDEX Howe 'sHmjBe'b'wdbiie June-29,1926.,v g 1,590,993

IC. C. BALSTON COMBINED'KEYBOARD AND CHART origial Filed O'Gf- 17, 1924 9 sheets-Sheet s June 29 1926.

C. C. BALSTON COMBINED KEYBOARD AND CHART Original4 Filed oct. 17. 1924 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 [UTVLIZL SUPULATE GMATIE RENGTH EN T ABREE June .29 1926. 1,590,998

r c'. c. BALsjroN COMBINED KEYBOARD AND CHART original Filed OCC- 17.' 1924 9 sheets-sheet v INVENTOR ATTORNEY CQC. 'aison SEM- .nmmwz mm?. J u z :E F

mm". C

Jue 2.9 1,926.

c. c. iBALS-row COMBINED KEYBOARD AND CHART Original Filed OCU l'7; 1924 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 v AITORNEY lmanual Jun; 29, 1926.

viJ1\u'ri-:oSTATES- .eariiirr OFFICE.'

' CLYDE C. BAESTON, OFNEW YORK, N. Y.

'COMBINED 'KEYBOAD' ANZI)4 CHART.

Application led October 17, 1924, Serial No. 744,286. Renewed November 19, 1925.j

n My invention relates to a combined keyboard and Word and phrase chart or other printed vdesignations to be used separately or in conjunction therewith, adapted for use in connection with typewriting `machines ot the class known' as word writing machines, and for other classes of machines and the purposes to which the invention may apply, and the objects of my invention are to provide such a key-board and chart for use alone or in conjunction one with another to enable the type combination-forming or other factor assembling mechanism oi the writing or other machine to be controlled thereby, the mechanism for selecting and impressing the type forming no part of my v present invention, except that for single letter writingtor for setting other single tactors or representations a portion of the keyboard may be used in the ordinary manner like the operation of anordinary typewritinmachine.

y means of my invention, as -far as producing words and phrases, andvparts there- "0f, or numerals, etc. separately or therewith, is concerned, 4for instantaneous impression, the key-boardand chart obviate the necessity o the operator knowing how tojspell any such Words or phrases, rates, numbers,

etc., or having tov correctly set the numeral type for fixed charges or items, or havin to do with the order of characters in a woi" or phrase, or of the numerals constituting a- Whole fixed number, columns thereof, chai-ge items, ctc. or the spaces after the word andv between words of a phrase, and the operator, furthermore, ordinarily deals with no parts of 'the word individually.

when producing words or phrases, or with the integral parts of a complete number of combined numerals for single or plural colunins thereof, whether with or without letter type. Although sutlixes and prefixes may be automatically added orl impressed separately, under ordinary conditions the A`vdesired word may be impressed instantaneously'r vith'its prefix or suilix without rey entire word 'being produced instantaneously with its' prefix or suffix, mainly by the opeiation' of but two keys and in special inquiring -the .separate impressing thereof with respect. to the impression to produce the main part or stein of the word, the

stances .by the'r operation of a single key, and final letters of Words automatically changed to other appropriate letters by the action of lthe suii'x keys,-as, for instance, final e to i apply, may take the place of the words and f phrases .indicated on the main chart, or on the auxiliary chart, or both, alonefor coinbined, and on 'the corresponding keys. For

instance, I may make the chart and keyboard adapted to the purposes as set forth in the objects enumerated herein applicable to manyother purposes in which lists ofnam'es, billing items, or whole numbers singly or com ined, cao-designations, electric or pneumatic switch in ications, color,

sound, light, and other designations, may l take the place of the words and phrases shown on the chart and the'keys as fully as those specificallyillustrated herein. t

vNovel features of myv invention' will be more fully set forth and then pointed f out l.

in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying` drawings 1 forming a part hereof, wherein Figure 1 is "a plan view illustrating my improved combined key-board.; l

Figure `2is a plan View illustrating the main portion of the keyboard iniconju'nction with the pieirtion4 of the' chart aboye4 l l aring Words arranged 1n` groups under their corresponding "initialf 'i the key-board' characters: y v

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the portion of the chart shown in Figure 2;

Figures 4, 4, when read together, illus-'-` ltrate a portion of the key-board and supplemental chart portion therebelow, said portion of the cha'rt being adapted for use in conjunction. with the portion of the key board shown in Figures 4, 4, and the nf tral main portion of the key board shownv in Figure 1 forspecial speed vof writing, and the production of-phrases, specialoi'` changeable technical terms, names etc., although a lower portion of the main chart and keyboard may be made to pertain to such technical terms etc., without relation to the supplemental parts referred to;

Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are enlarged details of rectangles of the Vocabulary chart;

Figure 9 is a section on line 9, 9, in Fig. 4; Figure 10 is va plan view illustrating a simple form of word chart;

Figure l1 is a plan view of a keyboard for use with Fig. 10; and Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are enlarged details of partsof Fig. 10.

Similar numerals of referennce indicate corresponding parts in the several views.

The key-board 1 is provided with suitable keys and bars, the keys being arranged in definite horizontal and vertical columns and groups, and the bars co-related therewith as hereinafter explained, and at 2 is indicated the mainn chart portion having rectangles containing words indic'atid by their initial letter,.and phrases may be included as well asgwords, andat 2 is the auxiliary chart having rectangles containing words and phrases, grouped under special titles and not specilically desired in the chart 2. The keys bear direct relation to the words on the chart, but do not necessarily bear relation to the type of the machine. l2a however may instead of beingv a se arate chart as shown, be attached removably to and form a detachable portion of chart 2. The setof keys, however, shown between the bracketA 3 are indicated as provided with let- -ter characters corresponding to the characters ofthe keys of an ordinary typewriting machine key-board,` and preferably in substantially the same standard order but additional characters may be provided on such keys if desired. The keysof the left hand group embraced within the brackets 4 and the keys Withiin the right 'hand group embraced within the brackets 4 are shown arranged in a plurality of se-ries in horizontal and vertlcal columns of keys, one or more ot which keys in each horizontal or vertical column in a group bear characters corresponding mainly to the. characters of the ordinary typewriter keyboard, such groups of keys at 4, 4a being shown on op; posite sides of ,a centrally disposed bank or series of keys 5, for convenience' of operation and order, since the keys 5 between the groups 4, 4 and above the groups 3 are the keys to be operated singly in conjunction with the operation of any one of the initial cl'iaracterkoys of the right and left hand group 4,143. lVhile the keys withinv the groups 3 are 4indicated as provided with characters corresponding to the keyboard of an ordinary typewriter, as before stated, it will be understood, for 'use with the triple ,sections of the Lrectangles shown, that they are -included Within the columns of groups The chart of keys 5 without reference to the letters upony the groups of keys 3 when the last named keys are to be utilized in conjunction with any key in the groups 4, 4a, the saine as the keys of the groups 5 not bearing such letters. But the keys of the groups 3 may form an entirely independent but single character key board. In the example illus instance, in the first group E to thc lett there are two keys beneath it (and a third or fourth may be added it desired), and there are two sets of groups of E keys because ot the frequency 'of use of the words beginning with the letter E, and this pertains wherever the Words of certain initial letters are of great frequency,4 such as words' beginning' with a, c, s and the like. Upon the'chart ortions 2 words are arranged bearing elinite relation to the kevs described. I have shown such words in groups in rectangular arrangement.

rangement under their initial characters, as indicated Within the brackets. 6, 6a, 6l? (Figure 2), there being a middle horizontal group of words represented by rectangles (i, an upper grou of Words represented by rectov For instance, Words v1u general use are all Aarranged systemat1- cally on the word chart 1n rectangular alftangles 6, an a lower group ot words repl y resented by'rectangles 6b, and each ncctanis divided into a plurality ot sections 7,

le 7b, each rectangle having an initial letter, and the sections of each rectangle pertain to such initial letter, and these sections are whatlI term a middle horizontal section 7, an upper horizontal section 7;l and a lower horizontal section 7b, whichsection correspond horizontally and vertically upon the chart svith respect to each individual rectangle,I By pre'lererence, each group oi" three words in a section is in indented order, as shown. i containedv sections are substantially alike throughout the chart in conjunction with the subdivisions of the sections as follows: Each section is divided'into three vertical columns of words that are 4indicated by the short lines 8, 8", 8", there beingva central'vertical All such rectangles with their' p column of words 8, a left-hand vertical column of words 8, anda right-hand vertical column of words 8b ineach section, and

these columns of words are in turn divided into a central horizontal third, indicated by the bracket 9, lcontaining three words of each of said columns, an upper horizontal third, indicated by the bracket 9, containing three words oit each column, and a lower' horizontal third, indicated by the bracket' 9", containing three words of each such column, said vertical column and horizontal columns of words being so spaced as toA 4readily be distinguisliedin their relation of thirds vertically and horizontally. l,For-- instance, asillustrated, rectangles are so spaced'apart both vertically andhorizontally as to readily distinguish one from another: thesections within the rectanglesare likewise spaced for the sanie purpose, 'and the words within the sections are preferably spaced in groupsof'three whereby/three groups of sections in a rectangleuand thenine vertically disposed words in each section, and the three groups of words of each column of nine words, are readily distinguished as to their positions. W'hile the sections of the rectangles are illustrated 'as comprised in linesforr the purpose of illus-r tration, it will be understood that such lines need not bound the rectangles in the chartsy for use, but lthat the locations and relative positions of the groups of Words in a rec- 'tangular'arrangement of words will suice without boundary lines for the sections, since the positions of the words of the sections may be distinguished by the spacing between the groups. ly preference, the horizontally disposed rows of sections of the diiferent horizontal series 6, 6, 6" of rectangles are Vproduced in contrasting colors, as for instance, the horizontally disposed middle sections 7 of the rectangles may be tinted light green, the upper horizontal rows of sections 7 may be white, and the lower horizontal rows ofsections 7b may be gray, or any contrasting colors selected, wlierebythe eye' will be readily guided to the section desired.l Instead of the rows of sections 7 ,being white, every Valternate one of such sections may have a contrasting color, or every alternate rectangle in its di'erent tint may be printed heavier oir-lighter. as desired for purpose of distinction between the sections vertically.

Also, the least usable of the words may be printed in a thinner faced type or in a dif- I y ferent or colored type.

third, and such words are to be printed ap proXimately alphabetically starting with the ,first upper word of the left-hand column 8,

ranging downwardly ,to the bottom of the rectangle: then the next column 8 following in order, through the middle column of the rectangle and through the lastcol'umn to the.

last word at the bottom of the right-hand' corner. or in any otlie'i'lappioximate Ymanner. While I have selected for illustration three sections in a rectangle and-each section4 containing three columns of n1ne words-each,-

it will be-understood thatthe number ofthe sections in a'. rectangle and the number ot the columns of words, andA the words in a section, or in a column, Vin each rectangle, and lits sections may be varied as desired. "lfheiectangles themselves may he coiniosed each" movable from their'respective positions on .of separate thin material, inserta le und Arethe rchart plate or frame, being detachably retained thereon in any suitable manner,

such as that shown with relation to the lower chart, so that either or all -of them may be readily altered or substituted, as may lbe -requiredfor making changes in names, Aaddresses. terms, billing items, etc.

In the. event that therear'e more words', as for-instance, (beginningwith the letter E) than will go in the eighty-one allotted spacesot `a rectangle, then the adjoining rectangle `or a portion thereoitalso designated by such -initial letter (E), as to the right of the first named rectangle, may contain remaining words beginning with such initial letter. 'If

there are-not enough words in general use forarrangement for a' complete rectangle,

then, as for instance, in words beginning with the letter Q, as shown in the rectangle containing the initial .letters (LW, Figs. 3f

and 7) the'words beginning with the letter Q may occupy the left-hand columnV only of the rectangle, and the `words beginning with the letter W' (of whichmore words are in ygeneral use than of theletter Q) may occupy two columns of such rectangle. Such arrangement mayalso apply to letters Y,`

U; G H; J'K; and Z X V, orto otliersin suchV relation as the number of woi-dsdeysired for the vchart beginning with a definite The word cha-rt illustrated represents under 4its dili'ercnt andl letter may apply.

multiple linitials a relative number of words land phrases in general use, and the number of words and phrases contained under suoli initial letters as they bear relation to other initial letters.

This arrangement of, posi-v tion ofivords pertains also to phrases andv to multiple numbers and for this purpose al separate section of the chart from that above described `is provided, indicated within the brackets l0, (Figs.I 4, 4a) wherein are;k

illustrated desired phrases, parts of speech, technical terms, proper names, cities, States,

dates, etc., and grammatical phrases, jari ranged in suitable order or groups-and suitable indications of the positions thereof beingprovided upon the chart to readily guide' the eye thereto.

The-rectangles and sections of the portionof the chart 2 bear. definite relation to the groups ofkeys 3, 4,14*'. 5 and the rectangles and sections of 'tlieportion 2a oi4 `the chart (within the brackets 1.0)' bear definite relation-tothe groups otke'ys 3, 5,V

and the groups of keys therebelow indicated generally w1 hin the brackets 11. For conm" Ato , in each group of keys of may comprise yenience in operation the chart Z will be` disposed in proper relation to the main keyboard and above the saine as .in Figure El., and the portion Q of the chart will be be-- low and in lront of the key-board portion 11, as in Figures 4l, FR The charts 2- of Figures 2 and 3 are shown divided into rertical halves by an intermediate space which any suitable -lines or entre. widespace 12, whereby each halt' ofthe chart is intended to'correspond with the respective sections ot keys 4 and 4a of the keyboard, which keys are shown substantially arranged in the standard keyboard order of letters. Hence. it will be understood that cach group ot' vertically disposed three keys `in section 4. 4, correspond with the rectangies ot' the chart in the relative positions `shown. lt/,is contemplated that the operation of a .key in section 4 or 4 in conjunctionwilh an appropriate key in the middle setion 3, 5, will cause the operation of typeproducea selected Word or phrase. It.' will be noted that each rectangle of the chart contains eighty-'one printed words' arranged in the order heretofore described, and that the middle key-board 3, 5, consists of eightyone keys corresponding in number Awith the number of words in a rectangle.` Itwill be further noted Vthat the column arrangemei-it ot the key board 8, 5, comprises three groups ot columns, eachl column of a group containy ing nine keys, and by preference the corresponding columns of keys of each group 'ot columns-Xare colored to correspond with the color of the sections o't'the chart., For' instance, the lett-hand column 3, 5 ot' reys' the key-board f3, 5, are preferably white or light tinted keys to correspond in color and position with the columns ot words in thc uppersection ots` a rectangle; the lett-hand column of the middle group of keys corresponds in nurnber and posit-ion with the nine words in the middle column of the upper section of the rectangle; the .left-handfcolumn ot the lett grou-p ot keys" correspond with the nine words at theleft-hand end of the upper sections ot the rectangle; and the lett-hand column of the right-hand group of keys correspond with nine words in the right. column ot 'the upper section of the rectangle. Likewipe, the middle columns 3, 5" ot Athe three -groups of keys 3,: 5, correspondin color,

position and number to the columns of words in the middle section ot such rect-angle.' and the right-hand colun'rn's 3, 5"' of the lgroups of columns 3. 5, correspond in color, position and number to the columns otV wtnids in the lower settion of the rectangles. .vFor instance,

where the upper sections of the' rectangles are whit e the columns 3a, 5 will be white., and where the middle sections ol the rectangle are green, the columns El, 5l will. be tinted green, and where the lower `horizontal twenty seven than those produced by the sections of the rectangles are of'purple color or other contrasting shade- .the columns of keys 8", 5c will be correspondingly' colored purple, or other contrasting shade.

'lfhere may be three lett-hand columns of keys, each all white, corresponding to the three upper white ground sections ot words; three green middle columns of keys ot nine cach for the three middle green ground sections ot words, and three dar-k right-hand columns oi' keys of nine each yfor the three- 1 lower sections of words of the rectangle, or

other corresponding arrangement-s.

Then again the entire upper horizontalk groupthe upper one` third of the cent 'al bank keyboard 3, o1 nine keys or twenty serien keys, may be made white to correspond with the upper white one third of the rectangles which may also have the white background. The middle horizontal group of the twenty qeven keys may be ot green or other tint corresponding,l tothe tint of the middle horizontal section of the rectangle, and the lower keys may be dark or shaded to correspond with the shade or tint ot the lower section ot the rectangles,- or may bedilterently shaded or tinted correspondingT appropriately to each other.l

As shown the columns 3, 5, are arrange in series of three' vertical columns, the series being suitably spaced for distinguishing purposes. It will be noted that the keys arearranged in sub-groups ot three corresponding with the sub-groups of words of three. in a section.. It will be noted that each key vvot' the first horizontal three rows of sections i1, 4; is accompanied by one or more keys 17;, 18 in ve'tical column order, and that a' har 14, 15, 1G is preferably disposed between the lower key of one series of alphabetically inarkedvkeys, and above the alphabetically marked keys of the next .series therebelow and so on. Such keys 17, 18 are intended -to produce words with certain suliixes simultaneously formed with the stem or full words under the initial letter of the.

key above, but without requiring the last named key to be operated, all of such keys under their initial letter key. governing the same section, and all such keys being also initial letter keys, governingthe corresponding word ot the rectangle with the appropriate sutlix automatically atiixed thereto thereby. In some instances, the keys 17 or 18 will betouched in conjunction with the corresponding bar 14, 15. 16, (which bars may be one or 'more in number. although 5, comprising three groups shown as single hars only) to produce words with diti'erent and o'l1 less used su'ix form operation of the keys 1T or 18 without such har. It'will he understood, however, in all instances that when a key is operated, such as `the S key with or without bar 15, or its corresponding leo' Baring shix governing ke i 17 or 18,l with or 'without the vcorrespon ing barl `15, one ofthe keys of thefgroups 3, 5,'will also be operated and suchA letter key will correspond inposition and colorto ther key of t e portion 4 of the key-board that corresponds in relative position 'to the selected word ofthe corresponding section of the rectangle the initial letter of the word to be rinte 'and that the' key of the board 3, 5, 'epressed in connection with the initial let ter Sekey will bathe same key ,that will bedepressed in connection with the key 17 under the'S key andthe key 18 under the S key in conjunction vwith-the .bar or without the" bar, to produce the different forms of the suix-terminating words. As an illus- 7 that in the enlarged illustration of a recvtration', assume that it is'desired to print theword succeed as well as such word havmg its various vsuiiixes. It will be seen tangle of the ohartiin Figure4 5, that the word succeed is located in the right-hand column of the lower section,I and is the first word of the lower third of such column under the purple coloring. Having noted ythe position of such 'desired wordfrom the chart, the.operator, on the outer board" 4 .'depresses the S l,key of the right-hand S coI umn in the middle sectiony of group 4,

.and in conjunction. therewith depresses the purple key indicated at 19 in the ri lit-hand colurnnc of the central group o keys of .the keylioard, which it will be noted cory responds in position to 'the word succeed on the chart.v Such conjoint operation of the said two vkeys' will cause the mechanism of the machine to operate, which in tirn'will select andv shift the corresponding combination forming mechanism in the machine,

Y which will act u von and set the correspondword. I, however, Q producenthe word succeeding (the word. usuallyappearing in the common or stem4 .form lonly on the' wordi chart), the key 17 in t'pe to s l and impress the required g pe it had been desredfto of the S column would have been pressed, instead of'the'lettered key S, in conjunction with the aforesaidfkey 19, andthe type 'would besetand printed to produce t e word succeeding. If, however, it had heen desredtoprint the word succeeded,

then the ke 18 in the S column before men'- tioned wpu d have been depressed, in conjunction with the key 19, and the word succeeded would have been printed. Had it been intended to produce a word having Athe `same base or stem, but with a different 'sufiix than that mentioned, then the'bar 15 would-be operated in conjunction with the key 17 or 18 (or even with the S key) of the aforesaid S column, with the operation 4 also of the saidv key 19, whereupon the type would be set and printed to produce such Word, it being understood thatthe suiiix-t word governing keys have the suffixes indicated thereon, or adjacent thereto, and that the last referred to sutilx would be indicated also upon or near the appropriate key, a'nd that the o erator willA understand'that the bar is toA e operated in conjunction with either of such keys only to produce such 'extra or suix words. ln this'manner the word complain, complaining, comvvplained, complainingly, complaint (Fig. 6) may be producedby the touch of the appropriate keys in the C columns in 'conjunction with the appropriate key in the central key board 3, 5, in manner before described.` As a further illustration itv may be said that the depression of the S keyv in the left-hand S-column, in conjunction with the key 20, 'being the upper key of thelefthand .white column of 'keys in the section 3, 5, (corresponding tothe upper left-hand word in the upper third of the upper sec-4 tiori of the S rectangle of the chart) would produce the word save, andso on if the -key 17 of the left-hand S column had been depressed, in conjunction with the key- 20 the word ",savving would be produced, and if the keyr 18 of such column'had been-.. de

\ ressed, in con'unction with the key 20,

3 he word saved would be produced. ln view of the foregoing illustration it will be understood that the' words on the chart will be arranged in the mostpreferred order, and* sequence, under the initial letter of the alphabet, as illustrated in Fi re 5, andI f that to select the desired word or printing, the key of the section 4 or'4 in conjunction with'the key of the ,sect-ion 3, 5 each correspondin to the position of the selected woxd in t e chart, will be conjointly ,oper-- ate l While I have shown the section 3 of the center column of keys as vadapted for use? in theordinary manner of typewriting it'rv "will be understood that such keys, as be ore stated, are also lutilized asa otion of the columns of keys 3, 5, but to `s iftrom the use of such keys forone purpose or th; `other, as stated, I povide a key 21, which?, is adapted to shift t e mechanism to out out-'i p the formation of Words or phrases and to'115 cause the production of only the single fcharl acters as contained on the ke s when the keys of section 3 are individua ly operated, without regard to any other keys. The key 21 has the designation S. C. for single char- 120 acters, and key 22'may be used whenjthe series of4 keys 3 are setV for a single character ,to produce capitals, and the key 23 maybe simultaneously used to cause the mechanism to produce numerals and punctuations.

No space key is needed between words of a mechanically spelled hrase or after rnechanically' spelled wor s, such spaces being" automatically produced by 'appropriate 130 'the word to before the Words produced by such bar in conjunction with the bar 3, 5, and simultaneously therewith, by de ressing the bar 25 with the desired wor key, in manner described with respect to the bars 14, 15, 16, in conjunction with the appropriate key of the columns 3, 45. The keys in the lethand column indicated at 26 govern the feed of the carriage and of the paper.

The column of keys indicated at 26 and 27- may bear designations correspond-ing to the `different operations of the carriage, the ribbon, line spacing, etc., as may be required, according to the character of the Work being done, andthe keys are also shown at 28, 29, 30 indicating the character ofthe ribbons and rgwinding of the same.

In' order to expedite the -writing andto reduce the number of Words that would otherwise be required on the chart portion on what may be termed the vocabulary chart 2, the special keys of the auxiliary key board portion indicated at 1.1 are rovided for use` in conjunction with the cart portion 2*, which chart portion is shown provided with rectangles containing sections, each section being divided into three vertical columns of words'or phrases substantially-1in' the manner described with respect to-r rectangles of vocabulary shaft'portion E, but instead of the words or phrases in the rectangles fol- `lowing in the order of the letters ofa keyboard,'fhey are shown grouped under special tit es or classifications, which are selected to roduce facility of memorizing and operatiomiby which means many words y subject to@ special classification may be omitted from vocabulary chart 2, such as' pronouns, conjunctions, prepositions, adverbs,,technica terms, commercial phrases, cities, States, colors, numbers, names, etc., and very forms, such as phrases containing pronouns and verbs and the like, can be utilized. AThe key-board portion 1'1 is divided into sections 114, each section containing a controlling key 30 shown bearing the conventional letter C and such sections 11a also contain keys 31 bearing thereon indications for Words and for prefix Words or phrases. The controlling keys 30 are intended to bring into action, when ope-rated, the corresponding mechanism, that Will serve, in conjunction with the keys of the` central group 3, 5, to Vproduce the desired Vword orphrase to be printed on the, correcorresponding t-o one of such words asvthev vword can be depressed,l (being the key 5 at the upper lefbhand corner ot' the central groups oi' keys 5), the word can will be produced, and so on through thecentralv column of the middle and u per section of the middle upper rectangle ot Figure 4 with respect to any of the words or phrases desired therein. Verb to be is`workcd out in all its combinations, as represented by the forms shown in the chart, Fig. 4a. The words under the letter can are illustrated in abbreviated form in accordance with the index shown at the bottom of chart portion 2?, and will be the same in horizontal and vertical `directions under all the auxiliary verbs may, can,v must, will, shall, might, couldr, would, should, so that if any of such words or phrases are desired under any such sections of the rectangle,v

the corresponding key 3() wi-ll be depresse( 1n conjunction with the key of thecentrai group of keys 3, 5, that corresponds in position with the word or phrase selected "in the .appropriate rectangle of chart. portion 2". For the sake of clearness, one columnlof words under"can, shall, and would are iillustrated, but it will be understood that the;I correspond under the other Words of the-slmila'r rectangles.l If, however, it be' des ed to print a prefix word or phrase in fro t of the words selected, then one of Vthe keys 31 of the corresponding section is depressed instead of the corresponding con.- trolling key 30. For instance, by depressing one of the keys 31 in conjunction with' 'the appropriate key of the group 3, 5, the phrase if you can or if you can-be will be produced, and the same inconjunction with the negative key 32 or 33.to produce such a phrase as it you can noti by the in conjunction with an appropriate` key ot keys 31 spect to other Words or phrasesupon the keys 31, 32, 33. l -1 In the operation of chart 2. illustrated in Figure 4 the samerelative arrangement of keys is utilized in conjunction' with other words and phrases, such| as those derived from the portion 2* in simple and phrase form, whereby the depression of the controlling key 30 or a key 31 alone, or in conjunction with a' key 32 yor 33, with the conjoint` operation of a key in a group 3, 5, produces a corresponding phrase. This relative arsimultaneous depression of -a key s3)1-and,32,

b rogations, ctc.

For the productioirof the words and .phrases ior commercial phrases, technical tcrins,'names, numbers,addresses, etc., the' llower ortion of the chart portion 2 is divided into rectangles shown containin two the groups of words will be produce sections, divided .into columns of wor s ar' ranged substantially in the manner 'set forth with respect to the .chart portion 2, and arranged appropriatelyto the subjects referred Wto and for use in-connection therewith and the lower key board 11 is provided with controlling keys 34, which, when depressed in ,cpnjunction with 4the depression of a key in t ev group 3, 5, corresponding in position to the positionV of the words or phrase in thc selected rectangle, will produce the printing on the machine mechanism of such' word or phrase. In conjunctionfwith the controlling eys 34 are other keys 35 intended to cause y, the addition of words, prefixes orsutxes as desired, to the words or phrases at the lower section of the chart, such as by applying the word to or the words as to or the sulix` ing by the operation of the key 35 without the operation ofthe key 34, but in conjunc tion with the, appropriate key of the group 3. 5. At 36 keys arje indicated bearing the words neither, never and not in the section containing. the controlling keys 34, and when the keys ,36 'are operatedwith a corresponding key 34 in conjunction with an appropriate key in the group 3,15, the negative words never, neither or not will -be prefixed to the word or phrase produced by reason ofthe operation of the key 34.

lVhile I have referred tothe words on the chart as arranged inrectangles, that are divided into sections, and have illustrated rectangles and sections'einbraced within enclosing lines, it will-be understood that this is mainly for illustration purposes, and that t while lines may be used' surrounding the that v without being enclosed within surroundin` lines,

preference the chart will be made as illustrated in detail in Fig. 8, and4 hat to distinguish the groups of words from one another/ distinguishing spaces will be proi'ided between word groups, and that approprate spacesl between the subdivisions ofeach three Words of `each section of the chart will be provided. Such arrangement enables the operator to readily, Without confusion, observe Vthe location on the chart of the desired word in the appropriate section of the" corresponding rectangle." Furthermore,

while'. the chart is shown proyided withA characters Vrepresenting the cnventional Remington orstandard key board character arrangement-,it will be understood that such intended to mean thespaces embodying or containing groups of words, and as herein s )ccitically set forth therectangle embraces t ree sections of groups of words, 'each section' containing three columns ofv nine Words leach, consisting of three complete verticald columns of words inF a rectangle, that contains three sections of groups of words, the rectangles containing such groups of words being illustrated as contained under a main initial character of the words. It will be understoodA that tliegroup of words and the particular relation of the rectangles and the so.k

sections containing the groups of words i1 i lustrated'hereinjmay be alternate, and that the number of words in a column on the chart`,the number-of columns in a section or group, the number of sections in a rectangle, and the subdivision of the words in the co1- umns of the sections, as in groups of three, niaysbe altered, and that the groups of keys on the keyboards may be correspondingly altered if desired. It will further be understood that a leading idea of this invention is that there is -a controlling key in the roups of keys 4, 4, corresponding. to eaci rece` tan le, and thatthere are keys in the central ban s of keys corresponding inposition and number to the words in the chant, whereby (by way of il ustration), it a `iybrd of the L group is to be produced, the [corresponding controlling key E of the group 4 which controls the words under the corresponding group of words, will be struck, and the key in the central bank corresponding 'in position and column order to the/de sired word of the Word-group on the4 chart will be operated in conjunction' with said controlling key E.

In Figure 3 I have illustrated part of the horizontal rows of sections of the word groups or rectangles as colored to correspond to the colors of the keys of the central main roups of the kev board, and have omitted coldring the chart throughout for the sake of 'iclearness of illustration. Furthermore, while. I have referred to the chart sections and keys vas having contrasting colors, it will be under-- stood that by thelterni colors I inean any l 8 v Y' 1,590,999

th readily distinguish the rows of keys bear-4 ing the ing... an

I the ed7 marks, under each section o the key groups.

i, .lt will he understood that the lower portion ot the l"hart "illustrated inthe accom,-

paiiyiiig containing pronouns, phrases,commercial phrases, technicalterms, etc., and pa icularly for the technical terms or trademn'iiies, may be produced uponndifferent lpiecesotmaterial, indicated at 40 (Figs. 4, Il ands9), which may be removed di,` win gs frointlie'main chart and replaped in accordance with the character ott e trade, profession, or the; like td which such terms or phrases apply. The removable portion may be retained in position by clipso'r the like el on thev main chart (Fig. .9). rIt will be noted, also, that corresponda` replacement ot,v the mechanical portion combination forming mechanism of t sf machine will be made, as re uired, to correspond with such changed wor s or phrases of the lower chart portion.

While I have articularly set forth in improved chart and key board as applicab e tor use vin connection with typewriting machines of the class known as Word writing machines` it will be understood that this invention may be used for diterent purposes and apply to many different uses besides that specifically set t'ortli". The chart, for instance, instea ot containing Words under thearrangement heretofore described in the spaces allotted for words and phrases may contain `other suitable` designations corresponding to the various classes of work, and corresponding designations may be placed on the keys, such as code or signal indications for signalling purposes,` for electrical combinations, for railway switch controlling systems, for adding, calculating machines and the like, for setting numbers for visual indications or sicnals, and for other purposes, the keys and re ative arrangement of the keys and indications therefor corresponding to the chart -in the marmer hereinbefore described with respect to` iir'irdsV and phrases.

It a rectangle comprises, for instance, two

sections only (Fig, 10), corresponding to the upper an middle sections of the middle bank of keys, (Fig. ll), then this corre; spending selecting and governing portion, and the loWer one third (single character keyboard) portion, ot such middle bank ot keys, may each be used separatelyv and independently without using a shift key, and the` word-governingr keys ot such banks may be provided each with a word printed thereonor adjacent thereto. Fifty tour words,

(Fig. 11)', constitute in themselves, a large.

portion of a language, estimated at v.over 1;\\'eiitytive percent of the whole, and repre sluiting, therefore, the most used words thereot. llach ot such Words would be produced by the simple depression of its Word key.

It will be understood, also, that the suiiix keys and the bars of the keyboard may, instead ot .governing suffixes, govern the setting and printing ofinitials and the multiples of numbers and items and other factors, such as vmultiples of toll charges or billing items, hours, yards ot material, quantities, etc. To increase this capacity, one orinore bars 14, 15, 16, may be included in the keyboard below each ot the bars ,14, l5, 16, (Fig. 11), which, together with the keys-4, 4, may produce increased suffixes or multi- "ples of numbers, etc., and may beinarked with such indications. To facilitate the selection ot words o1 other designations o'n the chart,the least used words or items, etc., may be printed a thinner faced or a colored type.

Some of 4the applications of this invention are for addresses, circular letter Writing, for the selection and governing, with or without theiinpressing of type, ot single or multiple columns of numbers, with and without Words or names, singly or in groups, alone or combined with one or more columns of Words o5. numerals, such as in computing, calculating, bookkeeping, payrolls, etc., with ,orawithout columns of deductions, the prorating of expenses, etc., in several columns singly or simultaneously; the recording or billing of purchases, sales, shipments, wages, etc., including the quantity, name ot the article, charge, discounts, and tax amounts, and the similar billing ot telephone toll char es, inclusive number of messages, place calle charge, tax, and code designations, etc., sin lylor combined; andftor the purposes lo selecting and controlling linotype type singly' and in combination, in words and phrases,l and tor the purpose of controlling s ingly and in combination code, light,'color,` sound, Aor Aelectric factors, and ,for Whateverpurposes to which4 the-invention may app in which factors are intended to be se ected, operated or controlled singly orin combinations, and set or iin'- ulations of the keys ot 'cent to or at a distance fronisuch keyboard and chart. It is bthe intent that suitable designations corresponding'to the various classes-,of '.work will be placed upon the chart and the corresponding key's.

It will be understoodthat the keyboard and the chart for certain pur oses may be usedI independently ot-'eachj-ot er, and that the term rectangle as applied to one or more groups oi indicationsy comprising the chart means any grou ot characters and combinations thereo't suit-ablyI arranged on they chart; also that the terms`v'vord or "vvor'ds. and phrase or phrases as applied to the chart may mean any combination of characters of whatever kind.

It will also be understood' that the term pressed, or both, by the select'igons or manip- 'the' keyboard, adjaf. p

Q Y ALasagna 3 9' designation as used in the sV ciiication and claims may mean any com ation .of characters that constitute a wor'gl or part ,thereon a phrase, v.whole numbersviorfcombi- I nations of both words and numbers,"and any other st le of characters or fa'ctorsthat may be necessar for identification and selection for the various classes of work. A

The lower portion of the chart is described and shownas removable from its supportin plate or frame to allow the substitution o such portion' of the chart4 having designa' v tions of different classes. or characters permean any indication,

y connection with the sin le character keysof` I claim iszy .l 1. The combination of Ia keyboard having.l keys, with a chart having va group of'words,

taining 4to the different classes and'kinds of work. It will be understood that this replaceable and removable feature of a portion of the chart may be applied eqxlllally to one ormore rectangles of the main c art in order to allow these rectangles to be readily substituted for others bearin different styles or classes of'indications. his feature permits of these rectangles bein readily changeable as, for instance, in bil 'ng work, computing work, ayrolls, accounts, etc., in which it ma be dsirable to readily change' the names o articles and rates, figures, pro' In the selection and production of vwords I and phrases, etc., no feed shift key is used between a produced preceding' word or phrase, etc., and the succeeding or ollowin one, or between the words of a phrase, an

no feed space shift key is illustrated in the drawings for use in connection therewith, the shift key shown being usuable Vonly in the single character key oard.

The selection and operation o'f the keys of the keyboard, with relation 'to the designations of the chart, may be in accordance with the so-called touch-system, and the designations on the keys relating to groups of designations on the chart, as wellas the corresponding indicating designationsv on the chart, may be omitted. 4.

Having now described my invention what certain ofsaid keys having operative relation to said words, and certain of said keys coinprising a sin le character keyboard.I

c v 2. The com ination of a keyboardhfaving words o tive relation to a .certain other keys aving operative relation to the charactersof each group. 8. The combination of a keyboardhaving 110 certain of said keys, withl a chart having groups of designations, certain .of said keys aving operative relation to a vgroup of designations, and certin of said keys havingloperative relation to the `designations of eac group.

The combination of .a keyboard having keys, with a chart having groups of designations, certain of said keys havingy operative-relation to a group of designations, and

certain of said keys havin operative rela- 7 5 tion to a designation of eac groupthe'last l named keyscorresponding inf relative order ad number to the order and number of thedesignations of a group.

'4. The combinatlon of a keyboard having 80 keys, with a chart having grou s ofV designations, certain of said keys w en used 1n ,combination one with another having operative'relation to certain of said'designations,

and certain of said keys adapted to be used singly and having operativerelation to del sired designations.

5. The. combination a1 keyboard' hav-u ingrkeys'ab with a chart having groups of des-o ig'na'tions,y certain of. said keys when used in 9 combination 'one with -another having operative relation to certain of saiddesignations, and certain of said keys adapted to be used singly and having' -o erative relation to desired designations, t e said latter de signationscomprising character, disposed rela-v tive-'to said last named keys..

6. The combination of a keyboard havin keys, with a chart indicating groups o words, certain ofsafid keys havlng operative relation to a group of words, and certain other keg7 s havlng operative relation to the yeach group. 7. The combination of a' keyboard havlingkeys, with a chartl indicating groups of 108 characters, certain of said keys having operaroup of characters, and

keys, with a chart indicating groups of designations2 one of said keys being in operative relatlon to a group ofdesignations, and one of -said keys being in operative relation to one of the designations of each group. l114i.

I9.- The combination of a keyboard having keys, with a chart indicating groups of characters,"one of said keys being in `operative relation to a group of characters, and one of said keys being in operative relation to one of the charactersl of each group.v

'10. The combination of a keyboard hav y ing keys, with a chart indicating groups of fdesignations, one of said keys being in operativel relation to a group of designations, and

oneggf said keys being in operative relation to one of thedesi nations of each group, and eys comprising la single character keyboar lltThe combination of]y a keybgard hav-` w ing keys, with a chart indicating groups of designations, one of .said-keys being in op# perat-ive relation to a corresponding roup of designations, .and `one of said keys eing iii operative relation to one of the designations of suchgroup. Y

12.l The combination of a keyboard .having keys arranged in rows, a plurality of rows of said keys havingdesignations, keys disposed between rows of said keys having designations, with'I a chart provided with groups of designations corresponding in relative position and'order to the keys related to said groups.

13. The combination of a 'keyboard 'having keys arranged in rows, a pluralit of rows of said keys having designations, eys of the groups being disposed between rows of said keys having designationswitli a chart 'provided with groups of designations, said groups of designationsV of the chart having designations corresponding relatively fin position and location to the designations on said keys.

14. The combination of a keyboard having keys, with a chart havinggroups of des- 'l i nations, certain of said keys having, operativev relation to a, group of designations, and

auxiliary keys adjacent to said first named ke s, said auxiliary 'keys having operative re ation to av group of designations.'

15. The combination of a keyboard a group of keys and abank of keys, with a chart having groups 'of words, each key of thebank of keys having relation to 'a .word4 of the group of words ofthe chart;

' the same in number as the vkeys -in a column 16. The combination of a` kybo'ard liaving keys arranged rows, a plurality of rows of said keys having designations, keys of the groups being disposed between rows of said keys having designations, and bars adjacent to suchy keys, with al chart provided with groups ot designations .corresponding in position and location to the designations l of said keys.

17. The combination oa k-eyboardiconiprising a plurality ofbanks of columns of eys, with a chart having groups of designations, each group of designations vof the chart containing columns of.V :designations of said banks, said groups of designations being provided 'with characters indicating the initial letters of the .designations of the corresponding groups.

18. The combination a keyboard having keys, with a chart having groups ot designations, certain of said keys and groups of designations of thechart bearing definite' relation one to another, said groups of` des- .ignations being provided with sections. havingy contrasting colors, certain otsaid'keys v having colors corresponding toV the colors v of the `different sections of the groups of designations of the chart'.

having.

v19. The combination of a keyboard liaving banks of keys, vwith a chart having groups of designations, certain of said banks of keys and groups of designations of the i chart bearing deliiiite relation one to another, said groups of designations being divided into sections ,having contrasting colors, columns of keys of the different banks of. tlielkeyboard having colors corresponding to 'the colors of the different sections of the groups of designations of the chart.,

20. The combination ofna keyboard lcomprising a plurality of banks of columns of keys, with a chart having word groups, each word group containing columns of words the same in number as the keys in a column of said banks, said word groups being provided With characters indicating the initial vletters of thewords of the corresponding word group, said Word group being divided into sections having contrasting colors, the

'fcoluninsof keys of tlie different banks having colors corresponding to the colors of the dii'erent sections of the word groups oi the chart. v I I 21. The combination otakeyboard conisieO ' rising a plurality oit' banks of columns of eys,each bank containing a pluiyility of keys, with a chart having word groups arranged in rectangles, each rectangle containsame in number as the keys in a column or ing a plurality of columns of Words Ithe said banks, said rectangles being provided with characters indicating the 'initial letters of thepwordps of the corresponding rectangle, said rectangles being divided into sections having contrasting colors, the left hand columns of keys oi sai-d lbanks having a color corresponding to one section 'oi each rectangle, the middle columns of said banks having` a color corresponding tothe middle sections of said rectangles, and the right h and columns of keys of said banks having a color corresponding to the lower sections v of said rectangles.

the words of the corresliendingr rcctangle,'

said characters corresponding to'tlie charactersofsaid groups of keys.

f 23'. The combination of af keyboard com prising a plurality of, banks of keys, each lOii ank containing a 'plurality ol keys, and' groups lof keys arranged on opposite sides @if said banks of keys, a. plurality et horii ber'to the columns of keys in a zontally disposed rows of keys of said grou s having characters, with a chart provide with'rectan les containing columns of words, said rectangles being similar in numroup of keys, said rectangles'being provi ed with charactersl indicating the in1tial letters =of the words of the corresponding rectangle,

said characters corresponding to the charac- 10. ters of said groupsof keys, said rectangles being divided in tofsections having contrasting colors, the columns of keys of the dierr ent banks corresponding to the colors of the dilerent sections of the rectangles.

24. The combination of a keyboard having a plurality. of banks of keys, each bank containing a plurality of keys, with a-chart having word groups arranged in rectangle? each rectangle of the chart being divide i0 into-.the same number of-sections as-there' a're banks of keys in the keyboard', each section of the chart having the same numbery of words keyboard. v l 25. The combination of akeyboard having a plurality of banks of keys, each bank containing a plurality of keys, with a chart having word groups arranged in rectangles, each rectangle being divided into the same number of sections as there are banks of keys, each section having the same number of .words as there are keys in a bank, each rectangle bearing a character corresponding to the initial letter of the words of the rectanglle. v

26. he combination of a ke. board havin three banks of columns no keys, each co umn containin nine keys, with a' chart as there are keys in -va bank of the having v'groups 'o words arranged in rec- 40 tangles, each rectangle being divided. into three sections, e'ach section having three columns of'words, each column of words being divided into a inidd-le third, an upper third,

' and a lower third, 'each third containing three words, ,said sections of the rectangles of .the chart having contrasting colors, the

left-'hand columns of nke sof said banks havingfa colo'r correspon ing to one section .i -of each rectangle, the middle columns of l0 said banks having a color corresponding to the middleeections of said rectangles, and

l the right-handcolumns of keys of said banks @having a color corresponding to thelower sections of said rectangles. 27. The combination of a keyboard havj ing roups oLcontrolling keys, certain of said ey's having characters, and banksof y word keys adjacent to the controlling keys, with a chart provided with groups of words, 00 said word groups of the chart having characters corresponding to the characters on controlling keys, words in said word groups of the chart correspondingl in position and location to the word keys of saidv banks of 05 keys.

28. The combination of a keyboard having roups of controlling keys, certain of said eys having characters,and extra keys of the same 'character disposed adjacent to said character keys, with a chart vprovided with groups of words, said word groups of the chartl having characters corresponding to characters on said character keys and tothe extray keys of-thegroups of controllingkeys.

' 299A keyboard having three ba.1 "s of columns of' keys, spaced apart, eaclV bank containin three columns of keys, three horizontally isposed rows of keys of said three banks of keys bearing characters corresponding to a single character keyboard in combination with a chart indicating groups of characters..

30. A chart of the character described comprising rows of rectan les containinr designations, the rectangles eine' separated from each other horizontally and vertically, each rectangle containing a plurality o f columns of designations. 31. A chart of-the character described comprising horizontal rows of rectangles containing words, the rectangles being separated from each other horizontally and vertically. l

32. A chart of the character described comprising horizontal rows of rectangles containing words, the rectangles being separated froml each other-horizontally and vertically by suitable contrasting spaces, each rectangle containing a plurality of sections separated from each other by suitable spaces, each section containing a plurality of columns of words, said rectanglescontaining characters indicating the initial letters of the words of the correspondin rectangle.'

33. A keyboard having a ank of keys, and' having auxiliary keys arranged in sections,v certain of said eys being in column order, each section having a controlling key and word keys, each section having a second controllling keyl and word keys associated therewit 34. A keyboard having banks of keys, and having auxiliary'keys arranged'in secf tions, each section having a pluralityof controlling and word keys, combined with a chart having sections containing words, said words corresponding in order .to the keys of the banks of keys.

35. A keyboard having banks of keys, andl having auxiliary keys arranged in sections, *1"0 eachsection having controlling and word keys, combined with a chart having sections containing columns of words corresponding in number to the keys inthe columns of a banklof keys, said chart*v having rectangles vbelow said sections of keys.

36. A keyboard having banks of keys, and

having auxiliary keys arranged in sections, 

